NASA Warns: Makran Coast at Risk Due to Environmental Crisis

SeaNews – International Service – NASA has recently released a report on the Makran coast, located in southeastern Iran. This report, which includes a new image of the region, examines the geographical features and environmental challenges present along the Makran coast.

Geographical Features
The Makran coast is known for its unique “helmet” formations, which are tall and narrow landforms created by subsurface earth movements. In NASA’s image, the long curves of the coastline and the existing sediments are clearly visible, indicating changes in older coastlines.

Vulnerability and Climate Change
The Makran coast faces challenges due to climate change and rising sea levels. Research has shown that the more resistant parts of these areas are less exposed to wave damage, while the softer areas experience more erosion. These changes could lead to alterations in the shape and position of the coastlines.

Wildlife and Ecosystem
The Makran coast supports a diverse range of habitats:

– Turtles: The coast provides suitable nesting sites for green turtles and olive ridley turtles.
– Mangrove Forests: These forests, located around rivers and estuaries, offer refuge for fish and birds.
– Birds: The Makran region is renowned for birdwatching, hosting both migratory and resident birds, including herons, egrets, and flamingos.

– Terrestrial Wildlife: Resilient species like oryxes and some reptiles inhabit this desert region.

Environmental Issues
The Makran coast faces several environmental challenges:

– Coastal Erosion: This issue has been exacerbated by climate change and human activities.
– Pollution: Oil spills, untreated sewage, and plastic waste severely damage marine ecosystems.
– Biodiversity Loss: Habitat destruction and pollution threaten the region’s biodiversity.
– Overfishing: This problem reduces fish stocks and disrupts marine food chains.
– Destruction of Mangrove Forests: These forests are threatened by land development and pollution.

Historical Significance and Natural Hazards
The Makran region has significant historical importance. It was part of the ancient Persian Empire and is mentioned in Greek and Roman historical texts. Additionally, the Makran coast historically played a crucial role in maritime trade routes, connecting the Middle East, South Asia, and East Africa.

Source: NASA Earth Observatory
NASA Report Release Date: August 4, 2024

The new government should pay close attention to this NASA report and give special importance to environmental and climate change issues along the Makran coast. Measures such as sustainable resource management, habitat protection, and preparedness for natural hazards can help preserve this vital region and mitigate the negative impacts of climate change. International cooperation and the use of scientific data and advice can also assist in making more informed and effective decisions in this area.